California Proposition 65

In a Proposition 65 case, Gradient modeled blood lead and bone lead concentrations using the Leggett Model to quantify the impact of intermittently ingesting small quantities of metals in food, juice, and packaged fruit.

In a Proposition 65 case, Gradient compared several alternative methods used for testing chemical emissions from composite-wood products, evaluating each method’s ability to address realistic exposure scenarios. We identified the most appropriate test method and used its emissions estimates, together with an EPA indoor-air model, to characterize the levels of consumer exposure from typical use of these products in homes. Gradient used these results to evaluate whether consumer exposures were in compliance with Proposition 65 labeling requirements.

In a Proposition 65 case, Gradient provided technical analysis regarding the potential for coffee to cause cancer. We reviewed the epidemiological literature addressing coffee consumption and several types of cancer, focusing on meta-analyses of appropriate studies.

Gradient evaluated the association between nickel exposure and reproductive and developmental effects, in response to the CalOEHHA consideration of listing nickel under Proposition 65.